qtquickcontrols-material.qdoc

Go to the documentation of this file.

// Copyright (C) 2017 The Qt Company Ltd.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: LicenseRef-Qt-Commercial OR GFDL-1.3-no-invariants-only
 
/*!
    \page qtquickcontrols-material.html
    \title Material Style
 
    The Material Style is based on the Google Material Design Guidelines.
    \l{detailed-desc-material}{More...}
 
    \styleimport {QtQuick.Controls.Material 2.12} {Qt 5.7}
 
    \section1 Attached Properties
 
    \list
        \li \l {material-accent-attached-prop}{\b accent} : color
        \li \l {material-background-attached-prop}{\b background} : color
        \li \l {material-elevation-attached-prop}{\b elevation} : int
        \li \l {material-foreground-attached-prop}{\b foreground} : color
        \li \l {material-primary-attached-prop}{\b primary} : color
        \li \l {material-theme-attached-prop}{\b theme} : enumeration
        \li \l {material-roundedScale-attached-prop}{\b roundedScale} : enumeration
        \li \l {material-containerStyle-attached-prop}{\b containerStyle} : enumeration
    \endlist
 
    \section1 Attached Methods
 
    \list
        \li color \l {material-color-attached-method}{\b color}(enumeration predefined, enumeration shade)
    \endlist
 
    \section1 Detailed Description
    \target detailed-desc-material
 
    The Material style is based on the \l {https://m3.material.io}
    {Google Material Design Guidelines}. It allows for a unified experience
    across platforms and device sizes.
 
    \include style-screenshots.qdocinc {file} {Material} {material}
 
    To run an application with the Material style, see
    \l {Using Styles in Qt Quick Controls}.
 
    \note The Material style is not a native Android style. The Material
    style is a 100% cross-platform Qt Quick Controls style implementation that
    follows the Google Material Design Guidelines. The style runs on any
    platform, and looks more or less identical everywhere. Minor differences
    may occur due to differences in available system fonts and font rendering
    engines.
 
    \note As the Material Design Guidelines change over time, this style may
    change certain padding or font values, for example, in order to maintain
    consistency with the guidelines.
 
    \section2 Customization
 
    The Material style supports several customizable attributes. Some of these
    attributes \l {QQuickAttachedPropertyPropagator}{propagate} to children in
    the same manner as \l {Control::font}{fonts}:
 
    \list
    \li \l {material-theme-attached-prop}{theme}
    \li \l {material-primary-attached-prop}{primary}
    \li \l {material-accent-attached-prop}{accent}
    \li \l {material-foreground-attached-prop}{foreground}
    \li \l {material-background-attached-prop}{background}
    \endlist
 
    \image qtquickcontrols-material-attributes.png
 
    The remaining attributes do not propagate to children:
    \list
    \li \l {material-elevation-attached-prop}{elevation}
    \li \l {material-roundedScale-attached-prop}{roundedScale}
    \li \l {material-containerStyle-attached-prop}{containerStyle}
    \endlist
 
    In the following example, the window and all three radio buttons appear in
    the dark theme using a purple accent color:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \qml
                import QtQuick
                import QtQuick.Controls
                import QtQuick.Controls.Material
 
                ApplicationWindow {
                    visible: true
 
                    Material.theme: Material.Dark
                    Material.accent: Material.Purple
 
                    Column {
                        anchors.centerIn: parent
 
                        RadioButton {
                            text: qsTr("Small")
                        }
                        RadioButton {
                            text: qsTr("Medium")
                            checked: true
                        }
                        RadioButton {
                            text: qsTr("Large")
                        }
                    }
                }
                \endqml
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-purple.png
    \endtable
 
    In addition to specifying the attributes in QML, it is also possible to
    specify some of them via environment variables or in a configuration file.
    Attributes specified in QML take precedence over all other methods.
 
    \section3 Configuration File
 
    \include qquickmaterialstyle.qdocinc conf
 
    See \l {Qt Quick Controls Configuration File} for more details about the
    configuration file.
 
    \section3 Environment Variables
 
    \include qquickmaterialstyle.qdocinc env
 
    See \l {Supported Environment Variables in Qt Quick Controls} for the full
    list of supported environment variables.
 
    \section2 Dependency
 
    The Material style must be separately imported to gain access to the
    attributes that are specific to the Material style. It should be noted
    that regardless of the references to the Material style, the same
    application code runs with any other style. Material-specific attributes
    only have an effect when the application is run with the Material style.
 
    If the Material style is imported in a QML file that is always loaded, the
    Material style must be deployed with the application in order to be able
    to run the application regardless of which style the application is run with.
    By using \l {Using File Selectors with Qt Quick Controls}{file selectors},
    style-specific tweaks can be applied without creating a hard dependency to
    a style.
 
    \section2 Pre-defined Material Colors
 
    Even though primary and accent can be any \l {colorvaluetypedocs}{color}, it
    is recommended to use one of the pre-defined colors that have been designed
    to work well with the rest of the Material style palette:
 
    Available pre-defined colors:
    \value Material.Red \stylecolor {#F44336} {}
    \value Material.Pink \stylecolor {#E91E63} {(default accent)}
    \value Material.Purple \stylecolor {#9C27B0} {}
    \value Material.DeepPurple \stylecolor {#673AB7} {}
    \value Material.Indigo \stylecolor {#3F51B5} {(default primary)}
    \value Material.Blue \stylecolor {#2196F3} {}
    \value Material.LightBlue \stylecolor {#03A9F4} {}
    \value Material.Cyan \stylecolor {#00BCD4} {}
    \value Material.Teal \stylecolor {#009688} {}
    \value Material.Green \stylecolor {#4CAF50} {}
    \value Material.LightGreen \stylecolor {#8BC34A} {}
    \value Material.Lime \stylecolor {#CDDC39} {}
    \value Material.Yellow \stylecolor {#FFEB3B} {}
    \value Material.Amber \stylecolor {#FFC107} {}
    \value Material.Orange \stylecolor {#FF9800} {}
    \value Material.DeepOrange \stylecolor {#FF5722} {}
    \value Material.Brown \stylecolor {#795548} {}
    \value Material.Grey \stylecolor {#9E9E9E} {}
    \value Material.BlueGrey \stylecolor {#607D8B} {}
 
    When the dark theme is in use, different \l {Pre-defined Shades}{shades} of
    the pre-defined colors are used by default:
 
    \value Material.Red \stylecolor {#EF9A9A} {}
    \value Material.Pink \stylecolor {#F48FB1} {(default accent)}
    \value Material.Purple \stylecolor {#CE93D8} {}
    \value Material.DeepPurple \stylecolor {#B39DDB} {}
    \value Material.Indigo \stylecolor {#9FA8DA} {(default primary)}
    \value Material.Blue \stylecolor {#90CAF9} {}
    \value Material.LightBlue \stylecolor {#81D4FA} {}
    \value Material.Cyan \stylecolor {#80DEEA} {}
    \value Material.Teal \stylecolor {#80CBC4} {}
    \value Material.Green \stylecolor {#A5D6A7} {}
    \value Material.LightGreen \stylecolor {#C5E1A5} {}
    \value Material.Lime \stylecolor {#E6EE9C} {}
    \value Material.Yellow \stylecolor {#FFF59D} {}
    \value Material.Amber \stylecolor {#FFE082} {}
    \value Material.Orange \stylecolor {#FFCC80} {}
    \value Material.DeepOrange \stylecolor {#FFAB91} {}
    \value Material.Brown \stylecolor {#BCAAA4} {}
    \value Material.Grey \stylecolor {#EEEEEE} {}
    \value Material.BlueGrey \stylecolor {#B0BEC5} {}
 
    \section2 Pre-defined Shades
 
    There are several different
    \l {https://material.google.com/style/color.html#color-color-palette}{shades}
    of each \l {Pre-defined Material Colors}{pre-defined color} that can be passed
    to the \l {material-color-attached-method}{Material.color()} function:
    \value Material.Shade50
    \value Material.Shade100
    \value Material.Shade200
    \value Material.Shade300
    \value Material.Shade400
    \value Material.Shade500
    \value Material.Shade600
    \value Material.Shade700
    \value Material.Shade800
    \value Material.Shade900
    \value Material.ShadeA100
    \value Material.ShadeA200
    \value Material.ShadeA400
    \value Material.ShadeA700
 
    \b {See also} \l {Basic Style}, \l {Universal Style}
 
    \section2 Variants
 
    The Material style also supports a dense variant, where controls like
    buttons and delegates are smaller in height and use smaller font sizes.
    It is recommended to use the dense variant on desktop platforms, where
    a mouse and keyboard allow more precise and flexible user interaction.
 
    To use the dense variant, either set the
    \c QT_QUICK_CONTROLS_MATERIAL_VARIANT environment variable to \c Dense,
    or specify \c Variant=Dense in the
    \l {Qt Quick Controls Configuration File}{qtquickcontrols2.conf} file.
    The default value in both cases is \c Normal.
 
    The following images illustrate the differences between some of the
    controls when using the normal and dense variants:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-variant-normal.png
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-variant-dense.png
    \endtable
 
    Note that the heights shown above may vary based on differences in fonts
    across platforms.
 
    \section2 Control-Specific Notes
 
    \target material-control-specific-notes-textarea
    \section3 TextArea
 
    TextArea supports two
    \l {material-containerStyle-attached-prop}{containerStyles}: \c Filled and
    \c Outlined. Outlined TextAreas have floating placeholder text that sits at
    the top of the control. This requires the placeholder text to go outside
    the bounds of the control, which can cause it to be
    clipped when the TextArea or the Flickable it's a child of sets
    \l {Item::}{clip} to \c true. To avoid this, \l {Control::}{topInset} is
    set to an appropriate value in these cases.
 
    \include qquickmaterialstyle.qdocinc placeholder-text-multiple-lines
 
    \section3 TextField
 
    The same \l {material-control-specific-notes-textarea}{issue with clipping}
    explained above for TextArea can also occur with \l TextField. To avoid
    this, \l {Control::}{topInset} is set to an appropriate value when the
    TextField sets clip to \c true.
 
    \include qquickmaterialstyle.qdocinc placeholder-text-multiple-lines
 
    \section1 Attached Property Documentation
 
    \styleproperty {Material.accent} {color}
    \target material-accent-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the accent color of the theme. The property
    can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.
 
    The default value is \c Material.Pink.
 
    In the following example, the accent color of the highlighted button is
    changed to \c Material.Orange:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \snippet qtquickcontrols-material-accent.qml 1
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-accent.png
    \endtable
 
    \note Even though the accent can be any \l {colorvaluetypedocs}{color}, it is
    recommended to use one of the \l {pre-defined Material colors} that have been
    designed to work well with the rest of the Material style palette.
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.background} {color}
    \target material-background-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the background color of the theme. The property
    can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.
 
    The default value is theme-specific (light or dark).
 
    In the following example, the background color of the button is changed to
    \c Material.Teal:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \snippet qtquickcontrols-material-background.qml 1
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-background.png
    \endtable
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.elevation} {int}
    \target material-elevation-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the elevation of the control. The higher the
    elevation, the deeper the shadow. The property can be attached to any control,
    but not all controls visualize elevation. The value is not propagated to
    children.
 
    The default value is control-specific.
 
    In the following example, the elevation of the pane is set to \c 6
    in order to achieve the look of an
    \l {https://m3.material.io/components/cards/overview}{elevated card}:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \snippet qtquickcontrols-material-elevation.qml 1
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-elevation.png
    \endtable
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.foreground} {color}
    \target material-foreground-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the foreground color of the theme. The property
    can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.
 
    The default value is theme-specific (light or dark).
 
    In the following example, the foreground color of the button is set to \c
    Material.Pink:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \snippet qtquickcontrols-material-foreground.qml 1
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-foreground.png
    \endtable
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.primary} {color}
    \target material-primary-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the primary color of the theme. The property
    can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.
 
    The primary color is used as the background color of ToolBar by default.
 
    The default value is \c Material.Indigo.
 
    \note Even though the primary can be any \l {colorvaluetypedocs}{color}, it is
    recommended to use one of the \l {pre-defined Material colors} that have been
    designed to work well with the rest of the Material style palette.
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.theme} {enumeration}
    \target material-theme-attached-prop
    This attached property holds whether the theme is light or dark. The property
    can be attached to any window or item. The value is propagated to children.
 
    Available themes:
    \value Material.Light Light theme (default)
    \value Material.Dark Dark theme
    \value Material.System System theme
 
    Setting the theme to \c System chooses either the light or dark theme based
    on the system theme colors. However, when reading the value of the theme
    property, the value is never \c System, but the actual theme.
 
    In the following example, the theme for both the pane and the button is set
    to \c Material.Dark:
 
    \table
        \row
            \li
                \snippet qtquickcontrols-material-theme.qml 1
            \li
                \image qtquickcontrols-material-theme.png
    \endtable
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.roundedScale} {enumeration}
    \target material-roundedScale-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the radius of rounded corners used on the
    target control. The property can be attached to any window or item, but
    only some controls support it. The value is not propagated to
    children.
 
    The default value is control-specific.
 
    Available scales:
    \value Material.NotRounded Square corners
    \value Material.ExtraSmallScale Extra small rounded corners
    \value Material.SmallScale Small rounded corners
    \value Material.MediumScale Medium rounded corners
    \value Material.LargeScale Large rounded corners
    \value Material.ExtraLargeScale Extra large rounded corners
    \value Material.FullScale Fully rounded corners
 
    This property was added in Qt 6.5.
 
    See also: \l {Material Style: Shape}.
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \styleproperty {Material.containerStyle} {enumeration}
    \target material-containerStyle-attached-prop
    This attached property holds the style of the container used by the
    target control. The property can be attached to any window or item, but
    only TextField and TextArea support it by default. The value is not
    propagated to children.
 
    The default value is control-specific.
 
    Available styles:
    \value Material.Filled Use the filled container variant if available
    \value Material.Outlined Use the outlined container variant if available
 
    This property was added in Qt 6.5.
 
    See also: \l {Material Style: Text Field Containers}.
 
    \endstyleproperty
 
    \section1 Attached Method Documentation
 
    \stylemethod2 {color} {color} {enumeration} {predefined} {enumeration} {shade}
    \target material-color-attached-method
    This attached method returns the effective color value of the specified
    \l {pre-defined Material colors}{pre-defined Material color} combined with
    the given \l {pre-defined shades}{shade}. If omitted, the shade argument
    defaults to \c Material.Shade500.
 
    \qml
    Rectangle {
        color: Material.color(Material.Red)
    }
    \endqml
 
    \endstylemethod2
 
    \section1 Related Information
 
    \list
      \li \l{Styling Qt Quick Controls}
    \endlist
*/